{"id":3236,"date":"2021-03-16T11:47:58","date_gmt":"2021-03-16T11:47:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.tetra.net\/ro-ro\/?p=3236"},"modified":"2021-03-16T11:48:00","modified_gmt":"2021-03-16T11:48:00","slug":"foarte-scurta-istorie-a-acvaristicii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.tetra.net\/ro-ro\/foarte-scurta-istorie-a-acvaristicii\/","title":{"rendered":"Foarte scurt\u0103 istorie a acvaristicii"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Cum au ap\u0103rut acvariile \u0219i care au fost primii oamenii care au de\u021binut pe\u0219ti ornamentali? \u021ai-ai pus vreodat\u0103 aceste \u00eentreb\u0103ri? Dac\u0103 \u021bi-am zg\u00e2nd\u0103rit curiozitatea, afl\u0103 c\u0103 at\u00e2t egiptenii, asirienii, c\u00e2t \u0219i grecii \u0219i romanii de\u021bineau \u0219i altfel de pe\u0219ti dec\u00e2t cei destina\u021bi consumului. Frumuse\u021bea este un concept antic, iar coloritul anumitor specii de pe\u0219ti <\/a>a avut dintotdeauna puterea s\u0103 \u00eembl\u00e2nzeasc\u0103 inimile, nu doar s\u0103 bucure privirile. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dar primii \u201dacvari\u0219ti\u201d<\/em> atesta\u021bi au fost sumerienii care \u021bineau pe\u0219ti \u00een iazuri artificiale acum mai bine de 4.500 de ani. \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aristotel & Ihtiologia <\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Primul care a\n\u00eenceput s\u0103 scrie \u00eentr-o manier\u0103 studiat\u0103 \u0219i elaborat\u0103 despre habitatul,\ncaracteristicile \u0219i obiceiurile diverselor specii de pe\u0219ti, a fost Aristotel\n(384 \u2013 322 \u00ce.de.Chr.), el fiind, \u00eentr-un fel, p\u0103rintele ihtiologiei timpurii.\nPotrivit Wikipedia, el a fost cel dint\u00e2i care a deosebit corect pe\u0219tii de\nmamiferele marine \u0219i a descris mai pe larg organizarea lor structural\u0103. Se pare\nc\u0103 Aristotel ar fi adunat infoma\u021bii despre circa 1800 specii de pe\u0219ti din Marea\nEgee, un punct de plecare pe care s-au axat genera\u021biile urm\u0103toare de\ncercet\u0103tori. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chinezii & Goldfish <\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Una dintre cele mai\nmari contribu\u021bii la popularizarea acvariilor \u0219i p\u0103strarea pe\u0219tilor ornamentali\no are, f\u0103r\u0103 \u00eendoial\u0103, Goldfish\/Carasul auriu\/Carassius auratus\/Pe\u0219ti\u0219orul de\naur, documentat pentru prima oar\u0103 \u00een anul 960, \u00een China,  \u00een timpul dinastiei Sung. \u00cen perioada cuprins\u0103\n\u00eentre anii 968 \u2013 975, iazurile pline cu Goldfish au devenit din ce \u00een ce mai\npopulare, iar folosirea acestui pe\u0219te pe post de hran\u0103 a fost strict interzis\u0103.\n\u00cen 1136, \u00eemp\u0103ratul Hiau \u2013 Tsung a \u00eenceput s\u0103 creasc\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 p\u0103streze pe\u0219tii\n\u00eentr-un mediu mult mai controlat. Au fost dezvoltate variet\u0103\u021bi noi, al c\u0103ror\nrenume s-a r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit \u00een \u00eentreaga \u021bar\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Gold fish isolated on black background<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Circa 400 de ani\nmai t\u00e2rziu, \u00een 1510, c\u0103r\u0103\u0219eii aurii nu mai apar\u021bineau doar claselor\nprivilegiate, ci erau tot mai des \u00eent\u00e2lni\u021bi \u00een iazurile diverselor p\u0103turi\nsociale. Foarte multe locuin\u021be aveau iazuri \u00een care cre\u0219teau \u0219i \u00eenmul\u021beau\nexemplare de Goldfish, iar fiecare \u021bineau \u00een secret propriile tehnici de\np\u0103strare \u0219i reproducere. Popularitatea acestui pe\u0219te a dus chiar la scrierea\nc\u0103r\u021bii \u201dEseuri despre Goldfish\u201d, tot \u00een China, bine\u00een\u021beles, \u00een anul 1596. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Carasul Auriu ajunge \u00een Japonia <\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Iat\u0103 c\u0103, \u00een 1616,\nGoldfish ajunge \u0219i pe teritoriul japonez unde cre\u0219terea \u0219i reproducerea speciei\na fost atent monitorizat\u0103, astfel c\u0103, la ora actual\u0103, Japonia este cel mai mare\nexportator de Caras Auriu din lume. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

La sf\u00e2r\u0219itul anilor 1600, Carasul Auriu \u0219i-a croit drumul \u00eenspre Europa, ajung\u00e2nd, \u00een 1691, \u00een Portugalia. De aici, \u00een 1728, a ajuns pe teritoriul Angliei. \u00cen acele timpuri, cre\u0219terea pe\u0219tilor ornamentali era un privilegiu care apar\u021binea clasei aflat\u0103 \u00een fruntea ierarhiei sociale. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prima \u021bar\u0103 european\u0103\ncare s-a ocupat a\u0219a cum trebuie de reproducerea Carasului Auriu a fost Olanda,\n\u00een 1780. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un an de referin\u021b\u0103 \u00een istoria acvaristicii: 1850  <\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Anglia anului 1850 marcheaz\u0103 un punct de referin\u021b\u0103 \u00een istoria acvaristicii. P\u00e2n\u0103 la acel moment, pe\u0219tii erau p\u0103stra\u021bi \u00een mijloace destul de primitive. Baz\u00e2ndu-se pe lucr\u0103rile chimistului Priestley \u0219i pe cercet\u0103rile zoologului Johnson, care a trasat rela\u021bia dintre plante \u0219i oxigen, Robert Warrington avea s\u0103 construiasc\u0103 primul acvariu. Potrivit teoriei sale, prin construirea unei structuri din sticl\u0103, umplut\u0103 cu nisip, \u00een partea de jos, cu melci \u0219i plante care pot furniza oxigen, pe\u0219tii pot tr\u0103i lini\u0219ti\u021bi vreme \u00eendelungat\u0103. Plantele ar furniza oxigen pe\u0219tilor, melcii ar m\u00e2nca plantele care se descompun \u0219i ar depune ou\u0103, iar pe\u0219tii s-ar hr\u0103ni cu aceste ou\u0103 de melc. Practic, Warrington ob\u021binuse ciclul perfect. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chiar dac\u0103 pare o\nteorie \u00eenvechit\u0103 sau \u00eendep\u0103rtat\u0103, p\u00e2n\u0103 prin anii 1950 a\u0219a au fost create\nacvariile. Vorbim despre acvarii plantate, sus\u021binute de structuri din o\u021bel,\nf\u0103r\u0103 filtre \u0219i \u00eenc\u0103lzitoare cum le \u0219tim ast\u0103zi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Surs\u0103: https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/aquarium <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u201dMarea \u00eentr-un pahar\u201d a lui Emil Adolf Ro\u00dfm\u00e4\u00dfler<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen 1856, a fost publicat, \u00een Germania, eseul revolu\u021bionar apar\u021bin\u00e2nd lui Emil Adolf Ro\u00dfm\u00e4\u00dfler denumit \u201dMarea \u00eentr-un pahar\u201d care este perceput drept debutul hobby-ului numit acvaristic\u0103, a\u0219a cum \u00eel cunoa\u0219tem azi. C\u00e2t prive\u0219te termenul \u201dacvariu\u201d, acesta a \u00eenceput s\u0103 fie folosit \u00een scrieri \u00eenc\u0103 din anul 1841. A mai trecut ceva vreme p\u00e2n\u0103 au ap\u0103rut sistemele de filtrare, primul filtru fiind introdus \u00een peisaj abia \u00een anii 50. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1952, to\u021bi pe\u0219tii din acvarii erau hr\u0103ni\u021bi cu alimente vii, p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd dr. Baensch a revolu\u021biat hobby-ul prin inventarea alimentelor sub form\u0103 de fulgi. De atunci, acvaristica<\/a> \u2013 privit\u0103 ca un hobby fascinant \u0219i provocator, a \u00eenceput s\u0103 \u00eenfloreasc\u0103, s\u0103 se dezvolte, s\u0103 \u00eembr\u0103\u021bi\u0219eze procedee \u0219i tehnici inovatoare \u0219i s\u0103 se fie apreciat\u0103 de tot mai mul\u021bi pasiona\u021bi care au ridicat-o la rang de art\u0103. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cum au ap\u0103rut acvariile \u0219i care au fost primii oamenii care au de\u021binut pe\u0219ti ornamentali? \u021ai-ai pus vreodat\u0103 aceste \u00eentreb\u0103ri? Dac\u0103 \u021bi-am zg\u00e2nd\u0103rit curiozitatea, afl\u0103 c\u0103 at\u00e2t egiptenii, asirienii, c\u00e2t \u0219i grecii \u0219i romanii de\u021bineau \u0219i altfel de pe\u0219ti dec\u00e2t cei destina\u021bi consumului. Frumuse\u021bea este un concept antic, iar coloritul anumitor specii de pe\u0219ti a […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3238,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[165,163,164],"tags":[285,284,283,286,281,282],"class_list":["post-3236","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-acvariu","category-pesti","category-plante","tag-aristotel","tag-caras-auriu","tag-goldfish","tag-ihtiologia","tag-istoria-acvaristicii","tag-primele-acvarii"],"yoast_head":"\nFoarte scurt\u0103 istorie a acvaristicii - Tetra Advanced Fishkeeper Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0218tiai c\u0103 primii \u201dacvari\u0219ti\u201d atesta\u021bi au fost sumerienii care \u021bineau pe\u0219ti \u00een iazuri artificiale acum mai bine de 4.500 de ani.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.tetra.net\/ro-ro\/foarte-scurta-istorie-a-acvaristicii\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Foarte scurt\u0103 istorie a acvaristicii - 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