<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nNymphaea veya Nil\u00fcfer (Nymphaea sp.),Nil\u00fcfergiller ailesinden \u00e7i\u00e7ekli bitki cinsidir. Gezegenin bir\u00e7ok k\u00f6\u015fesine yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 50’den fazla t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7ermektedir. \u00c7o\u011fu sadece nehirlerde, g\u00f6letlerde ve di\u011fer su k\u00fctlelerinde yeti\u015fir, ancak baz\u0131 t\u00fcrler akvaristli\u011fe m\u00fckemmel bir \u015fekilde adapte edilmi\u015flerdir. \u00c7i\u00e7eklerinin ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc g\u00fczelli\u011fi sayesinde Nymphaea genellikle su g\u00fcl\u00fc olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Ve evet, cinsin ad\u0131 bize do\u011fan\u0131n ruhlar\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki eski Yunan efsanelerini, g\u00fczel k\u0131zlar olarak tasvir edilen, yery\u00fcz\u00fcne hayat veren g\u00fc\u00e7lerin ki\u015fiselle\u015ftirildi\u011fi perileri (Nymph) an\u0131msatmaktad\u0131r. Sa\u00e7lar\u0131 her zaman g\u00fczel bir nil\u00fcferle s\u00fcslenmi\u015f olan denizk\u0131zlar\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki efsaneler de hat\u0131ra gelebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\nNil\u00fcferlerin \u00e7ok g\u00fczel yapraklar\u0131 vard\u0131r<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nNil\u00fcferler y\u00fcksek dekoratif niteliklere sahiptir ve uygun bak\u0131mla her t\u00fcrl\u00fc akvaryumun ger\u00e7ek bir s\u00fcs\u00fc haline gelecektir. Bak\u0131m hatalar\u0131 akvaryum suyunda sadece \u00e7\u0131plak yaprak saplar\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131na ve yapraklar\u0131n y\u00fczeyde y\u00fczmesine ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnmemesine yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nil\u00fcferlerin \u00e7e\u015fitleri \u00e7ok olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, bunlar bir tak\u0131m ortak \u00f6zelliklere de sahiptirler: g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yumrular, karakteristik bir kesime sahip geni\u015f yuvarlak yapraklar. Nil\u00fcferlerin hepsi \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 severler, bu y\u00fczden yeterince g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ayd\u0131nlatma gereklidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nil\u00fcferler, bah\u00e7e havuzlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcslemek i\u00e7in de son derece uygun dayan\u0131kl\u0131 bitkilerdir.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>D\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nNil\u00fcferler, akvaryum bitkilerinde pek rastlanmayan yumrulu k\u00f6ksaplar\u0131 olan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bitkilerdir. K\u00f6ksaptan uzanan b\u00fcy\u00fck yapraklar ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r: su alt\u0131ndakiler ve su \u00fczerindekiler. Sualt\u0131ndaki yapraklar tam par\u00e7a halindedirler, \u015fekilleri \u00fc\u00e7genden neredeyse yuvarla\u011fa kadar de\u011fi\u015fir, tabanda derin bir kesik bulunur. Nil\u00fcferler, genellikle bu g\u00fczel yapraklar\u0131 i\u00e7in ev akvaryumlar\u0131na ekilmektedir. Yapraklar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc t\u00fcrlere ve bak\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r ve genellikle 4 ila 20 cm aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Nil\u00fcferlerin su \u00fczerindeki yapraklar\u0131 \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr ve genellikle t\u0131rt\u0131kl\u0131 bir kenara sahiptir. Bu yapraklar\u0131n geli\u015fimi s\u00fcs havuzlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcslemek i\u00e7in daha \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\nNil\u00fcfer yapra\u011f\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\u00c7o\u011fu akvaryum Nil\u00fcfer t\u00fcr\u00fc yo\u011fun a\u00e7\u0131k ye\u015fil renklidir, ancak k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yaprakl\u0131 formlar\u0131na da rastlanmaktad\u0131r. Yapraklar\u0131nda koyu \u00e7izgilerin oldu\u011fu formlar \u00e7ok pop\u00fclerdir. Uygun ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda bitki, \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck beyaz veya pembe bir \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fin geli\u015fti\u011fi bir sap\u00e7\u0131k \u00e7\u0131karabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Ya\u015fam alan\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nNil\u00fcfer cinsi, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ok say\u0131da t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7ermektedir. Hem \u0131l\u0131man, hem de ekvatoral iklimlerde kendilerini iyi hissederler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pop\u00fcler akvaryum cinsleri k\u00f6kenlerini Bat\u0131 Afrika, G\u00fcney Amerika ve Hindistan’dan almaktad\u0131r. Bitkiler hem durgun su k\u00fctlelerinde (hatta ge\u00e7ici olanlarda bile) hem de akan sularda bulunurlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Cinsler<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<\/span>Nymphaea Tiger Lotus Ye\u015fil (Nymphaea lotus “Green”)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNil\u00fcferler\u0131n en yayg\u0131n formudur. Do\u011fal ortamda tropikal Afrika’da ve Madagaskar Adas\u0131nda ya\u015far. Kuzey, Orta ve G\u00fcney Amerika ve Avrupa’n\u0131n baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerine uyum sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck, yo\u011fun ye\u015fil yapraklarda az ya da \u00e7ok karakteristik kahverengi benekler vard\u0131r. Ortalama yaprak boyutu yakla\u015f\u0131k 15 cm’dir. \u00c7i\u00e7ekler beyazd\u0131r, b\u00fcy\u00fck ta\u00e7 yapraklar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\nNymphaea Tiger Lotus Ye\u015fil<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/span>Nymphaea Tiger Lotus K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 (Nymphaea lotus “Red”)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\nNymphaea lotus “Green”in bir seleksiyon formudur, farkl\u0131 \u015fiddette koyu lekeleri olan parlak bordo yapraklar\u0131 ile ay\u0131rt edilmektedir. Kompozisyonun merkezi bir unsurunu olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in iyi bir se\u00e7imdir, ye\u015fil bitkilerle tezat olu\u015fturarak \u00e7ok g\u00fczel g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\nNymphaea Tiger Lotus K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/span>C\u00fcce Nymphaea (Nymphaea gardneriana “Santarem”)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\nK\u00f6keni G\u00fcney Amerika’daki Amazon Havzas\u0131’ndan gelmektedir. Ad\u0131n\u0131 di\u011fer Nil\u00fcferlere k\u0131yasla daha m\u00fctevaz\u0131 olan boyutlar\u0131 nedeniyle alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yapraklar\u0131n boyutu sadece 4-8 cm’dir. Yapraklar\u0131 ye\u015fildir, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ms\u0131 benekleri vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Micrantha veya do\u011furan Nymphaea (Nymphaea micrantha)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\nDo\u011furan Nymphaea, s\u0131cak tropikal g\u00fcne\u015fin alt\u0131nda s\u0131\u011f sularda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bat\u0131 Afrika’dan gelmi\u015ftir. Bitkinin yapraklar\u0131 7-11 cm boyutundad\u0131r. Do\u011fal form tekd\u00fcze ye\u015fil renktedir, ancak benekli yaprakl\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fidi akvaryumlarda daha pop\u00fclerdir. \u0130lgin\u00e7 bir vejetatif \u00fcreme \u015fekli vard\u0131r; gen\u00e7 filiz eski yapra\u011f\u0131n taban\u0131nda geli\u015fir. Bu filizi dikkatlice ay\u0131rmak ve yeni bir yere ekmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bitki, “do\u011furan” ad\u0131n\u0131 bu nedenle alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\nMicrantha Nymphaea\u2019nin \u00e7i\u00e7eklenmesi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/span>Rudgeana veya Raja Nymphaea (Nymphaea rudgeana)<\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\nOrta ve G\u00fcney Amerika b\u00f6lgesinde, Karayipler’in baz\u0131 adalar\u0131nda rastlanmaktad\u0131r. Uygun ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda yuvarlak a\u00e7\u0131k ye\u015fil yapraklardan bir rozet olu\u015fturur. B\u00fcy\u00fcme h\u0131z\u0131 y\u00fcksektir. Tohumlarla gayet iyi \u00e7o\u011fal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Bak\u0131m ve besleme<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nNil\u00fcfere bak\u0131m\u0131 kolay bir bitki denilemez, bu nedenle yeni ba\u015flayan akvaristler i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilmez. Nil\u00fcferler 40-50 cm y\u00fcksekli\u011finde geni\u015f akvaryumlarda daha g\u00fczel g\u00f6r\u00fcnecektir. As\u0131l zorluk, su alt\u0131ndaki yapraklar\u0131n y\u00fcksek olmayan rozetini desteklemenin gereklili\u011fi ve su y\u00fczeyinde \u00e7ok fazla b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine izin vermemektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Topra\u011fa \u00f6zel olarak \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmelidir. Nil\u00fcferlerin akvaryum formlar\u0131, do\u011fal atalar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u00f6ksaplara sahip olsalar da, do\u011fru toprak Nil\u00fcfer yeti\u015ftirmede ba\u015far\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Topra\u011f\u0131n besin \u00f6\u011feleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengin olmas\u0131 gerekir, bu nedenle akvaryumu kurarken akvaryumun dibine uzun s\u00fcre etkili olan Tetra CompleteSubstrate besin deste\u011fi konmas\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fcme s\u00fcrecinde k\u00f6klerine d\u00fczenli olarak Tetra Crypto tablet g\u00fcbre eklenmesi \u00f6nemli hususlard\u0131r. Topra\u011f\u0131n fraksiyonu 2-5 mm olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\nNil\u00fcferler akvaryumda ayd\u0131nlatmaya ihtiya\u00e7 duyarlar<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nY\u00fcksek ayd\u0131nlatma, akvaryuma ek CO2 uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. En yayg\u0131n y\u00f6ntem t\u00fcplerden CO2 gaz\u0131 kullanmakt\u0131r, ancak akvaryumunuza pahal\u0131 t\u00fcp sistemleri kurmak istemiyorsan\u0131z, bitkilere kolay sindirilebilir bir formda karbondioksit sa\u011flayacak olan Tetra CO2 Plus kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nil\u00fcferin aktif b\u00fcy\u00fcme d\u00f6neminde sadece k\u00f6k beslenmesini de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda Tetra PlantaMin gibi, demir ve mikrolementleri i\u00e7eren s\u0131v\u0131 g\u00fcbrelerle yaprak beslemesini de sa\u011flamak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nil\u00fcferler “eski” suyu severler, bitkiyi yeti\u015ftirirken s\u0131k su de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi yap\u0131lmas\u0131 arzu edilmez. Su parametreleri bitkinin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini belirgin \u015fekilde etkiler. Optimum s\u0131cakl\u0131k 24-28\u00b0C’dir. Daha so\u011fuk suda, Nil\u00fcferlerin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi yava\u015flar. Suyun do\u011fru sertlikte olmas\u0131 da \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Suyun yumu\u015fak olmas\u0131 uygundur (14 dH’a kadar). Aksi takdirde yapraklar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr ve Nil\u00fcferler \u00e7i\u00e7eklenmeyi b\u0131rak\u0131r. Hidrojen g\u00f6stergesi (pH) 6.0-7.0 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>\u00dcreme<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nSadece vejetatif olarak \u00e7o\u011falan bir\u00e7ok akvaryum bitkisinin aksine, Nil\u00fcferler i\u00e7in tohumla \u00fcreme de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 olduk\u00e7a zahmetli olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u00e7ok say\u0131da yeni bitki elde etmeye olanak sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vejetatif \u00fcreme, \u00fczerlerinde gen\u00e7 bitkilerin olu\u015ftu\u011fu \u00e7ok say\u0131da k\u00f6k tabaka ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Bunlar ana \u00e7al\u0131dan dikkatlice ayr\u0131lmal\u0131 ve ayr\u0131 bir yere dikilmelidir. Nil\u00fcferlerin d\u00fczenli olarak budanmas\u0131 zorunludur, aksi takdirde bitkiler yukar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flar ve zay\u0131flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nil\u00fcfer tohumlar\u0131n\u0131 elde etmek i\u00e7in \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fin yapay olarak polenle\u015fmesi gereklidir. Bunu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan hemen sonra (gece veya sabah\u0131n erken saatlerinde) yumu\u015fak bir f\u0131r\u00e7a ile yapmak iyi olacakt\u0131r. Olu\u015fan tohumlar\u0131n yumu\u015fak su bulunan ayr\u0131 bir kaba konmas\u0131 ve art\u0131k yeni yere ekilebilecek olan ilk filizlerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 beklemek \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Gezegenimizde \u00e7ok say\u0131da su bitkisi ya\u015famaktad\u0131r, ancak hepsi ev akvaryumlar\u0131nda yeti\u015fmek i\u00e7in uygun de\u011fildir. Neyse ki, bu, nemli habitatlar\u0131 seven en g\u00fczel \u00e7i\u00e7eklerden biri olan Nymphaea i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli de\u011fildir. Bu harika bitki sadece akvaristleri muhte\u015fem dekoratif yapraklar\u0131 ile memnun etmekle kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda sahibini beyaz g\u00fczel \u00e7i\u00e7ekleriyle de “\u015f\u0131martabilir”. Makalemizde, g\u00fczel Nymphaea’y\u0131 daha yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131yabilecek […]\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":14531,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[169],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12837","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bitki"],"yoast_head":"\n
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