<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nHymenochirus C\u00fcce Kurba\u011fa (Hymenochirus boettgeri), Pipidae ailesinden bir tatl\u0131 su kurba\u011fas\u0131d\u0131r. Do\u011fada ekvator Afrika’s\u0131nda ya\u015far. Amfibi ayn\u0131 zamanda c\u00fcce pen\u00e7eli kurba\u011fa ve B\u00f6ttger pen\u00e7eli kurba\u011fa olarak da bilinir. T\u00fcr s\u0131fat\u0131, tropik amfibiler ve s\u00fcr\u00fcngenlerin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131larda bulunan Alman zoolog Oskar B\u00f6ttger’in onuruna al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\nHymenochiruslar 4 cm uzunlu\u011fa kadar b\u00fcy\u00fcr<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nHymenochiruslar, akvaryum merakl\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda uzun zamand\u0131r pop\u00fcler hale gelmi\u015ftir. \u00d6ncelikle, amfibilerin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boyutu (4 cm’ye kadar), nispeten sakin miza\u00e7lar\u0131 (baz\u0131 bal\u0131klarla ge\u00e7inebilirler) ve \u00fcreme kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 buna katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00fcce kurba\u011falar\u0131n tamamen su sakinleri oldu\u011funu belirtmek \u00f6nemlidir. Havada \u00e7abucak kururlar ve \u00f6l\u00fcrler. Bal\u0131klar gibi onlar da so\u011fukkanl\u0131 hayvanlard\u0131r, yani v\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na e\u015fittir. Akvaryumdaki su genellikle 36,6 \u00b0 C’den \u00e7ok daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa sahip oldu\u011fundan, ince ve hassas ciltlerinin yanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kurba\u011falar\u0131n el ile al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>D\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nC\u00fcce Kurba\u011falar\u0131n ince uzuvlar\u0131 olan uzun bir g\u00f6vdesi vard\u0131r. Yeti\u015fkinlerin boyutu 3,5-4 cm’dir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda di\u015filer erkeklerden daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Bu, Hymenochirusu, kolayca 10-12 cm’ye kadar b\u00fcy\u00fcyebilen di\u011fer iyi bilinen akvaryum amfibilerinden, pen\u00e7eli kurba\u011falardan, olumlu bir \u015fekilde farkl\u0131 k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kurba\u011falar\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131 sivridir, \u00fczerinde g\u00f6z kapaklar\u0131 ve\u00a0 bir \u00e7ift b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6z ve a\u011f\u0131z vard\u0131r. Arka uzuvlar iyi geli\u015fmi\u015ftir, alanda hareket etmek i\u00e7in aktif olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Pen\u00e7elerin her birinde ince bir perdeyle birbirine ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f 5 parmak vard\u0131r. \u00d6n uzuvlar\u0131n boyutu daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr, ayr\u0131ca 4 parmak vard\u0131r, bunlarda da bir perde bulunur. Bu nedenle amfibi, “deri elli” veya “perdeli ayakl\u0131” gibi terc\u00fcme edilebilecek olan Hymenochirus cinsine dahil edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\nHymenochiruslar\u0131n \u00f6n pen\u00e7elerinde bir perde vard\u0131r<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nKurba\u011fan\u0131n derisi p\u00fct\u00fcrl\u00fc, rengi koyu gri, neredeyse kahverengidir. G\u00f6vdenin her yerine da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f koyu benekler vard\u0131r. Tamamen beyaz renkli ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u00fc albino bir form vard\u0131r. Kurba\u011falardaki ince deri k\u0131smen nefes alma i\u015flevini yerine getirir: \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f oksijen do\u011frudan bunun i\u00e7inden girer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\nUygun ko\u015fullarda ya\u015fam s\u00fcresi 5-8 y\u0131ld\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Ya\u015fam alan\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nHymenochirus C\u00fcce Kurba\u011falar\u0131n anavatan\u0131 ekvator Afrikas\u0131d\u0131r. Zaire, Nijerya, Kongo ve Kamerun gibi \u00fclkelerde her yerde bulunabilirler. Amfibiler yava\u015f akan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck nehirlerde, g\u00f6llerde, barajlarda ya\u015famay\u0131 tercih ederler. En \u00f6nemli husus, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ak\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n olmamas\u0131 ve suyun iyice \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131d\u0131r. Kurba\u011falar karaya \u00e7\u0131kmazlar, neredeyse t\u00fcm hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 suda ge\u00e7irirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Bak\u0131m ve besleme<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nHymenochiruslar\u0131n minyat\u00fcr boyutlar\u0131, onlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 litrelik kavanozlarda bile beslemeyi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lar. Ancak, burada rahat ko\u015fullar\u0131n yarat\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemeye gerek yok. C\u00fcce Kurba\u011falar\u0131n gruplar halinde ya\u015famay\u0131 sevdikleri de unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r, bu nedenle bir kerede 5-7 bireyle ba\u015flamak iyi olacakt\u0131r. Bu, yavru alma \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131racak ve erkekler aras\u0131ndaki sald\u0131rganl\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalmas\u0131 \u00fczerinde olumlu bir etkiye sahip olacakt\u0131r. Besleme i\u00e7in 15 litre hacimden bir ba\u015flayan akvaryum uygundur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Evcil hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n d\u0131\u015far\u0131 atlamas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in akvaryumun mutlaka bir kapak veya a\u011f ile kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Toprak olarak 3-6 mm \u00e7ap\u0131nda \u00e7ak\u0131l kullan\u0131l\u0131r, keskin kenarlar\u0131 olmamas\u0131 tercih edilir. Daha ince topraklar C\u00fcce Kurba\u011falar taraf\u0131ndan yutulabilir, daha kaba topraklarda ise pen\u00e7eler s\u0131k\u0131\u015facak ve yem d\u00fc\u015fecektir. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 cm kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir tabaka halinde yay\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken Tetra ActiveSubstrate pi\u015fmi\u015f kil substrat\u0131 iyi bir se\u00e7im olacakt\u0131r. Akvaryum b\u00fcy\u00fck ta\u015flar, dalgalar\u0131n karaya att\u0131\u011f\u0131 odun k\u00fct\u00fckleri, yar\u0131m hindistancevizi kabu\u011fu, seramikler ile s\u00fcslenebilir. Ne kadar \u00e7ok do\u011fal bar\u0131nak olursa o kadar iyidir. Kara adalar\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeye gerek yoktur, kurba\u011falar t\u00fcm hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 suda ge\u00e7irirler. Ancak amfibilerin ci\u011ferlerini havayla doldurabilmeleri i\u00e7in su y\u00fczeyi ile kapak aras\u0131nda mutlaka bir hava bo\u015flu\u011fu olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yakla\u015f\u0131k on dakikada bir b\u00f6yle \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar yaparlar. Hymenochiruslar suyun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda sadece 10-15 dakika ya\u015fayabilirler, bundan sonra dehidrasyon nedeniyle \u00f6l\u00fcm meydana gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00fcce Kurba\u011falar, bazen onlar\u0131 kazmalar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda canl\u0131 bitkilere sakin davran\u0131rlar. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir k\u00f6k sistemine sahip t\u00fcrler kullan\u0131labilir veya ta\u015flar\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla buna eri\u015fim kapat\u0131labilir. Canl\u0131 bitkiler akvaryumdaki ortam\u0131 iyile\u015ftirecek ve iyi bar\u0131naklar sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hymenochiruslar \u00e7ok hareketli ve aktif amfibilerdir. Oyuncudurlar, su s\u00fctununda y\u00fczerler, bal\u0131k kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczge\u00e7lerini ac\u0131mas\u0131zca \u0131s\u0131r\u0131rlar. Bazen bar\u0131naklarda saklanarak dinlenebilirler. C\u00fcce Kurba\u011falar birka\u00e7 haftada bir deri de\u011fi\u015ftirirler. Eski derilerini d\u00f6ker ve bunu hemen yerler. G\u00f6zlerinin birbirlerinden \u00e7ok uzak olmas\u0131 nedeniyle olduk\u00e7a miyopturlar ve yiyecek ararken daha \u00e7ok koku ve dokunma yoluyla y\u00f6nlendirilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\nHymenochiruslar\u0131 gruplar halinde beslemek iyi olacakt\u0131r <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nHymenochiruslar do\u011fada olduk\u00e7a kirli, organik madde bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin su k\u00fctlelerinde ya\u015farlar. Bu nedenle uzun servis aral\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 iyi tolere ederler. Su haftal\u0131k olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir, ancak baz\u0131 akvaryumcular bu prosed\u00fcr\u00fc ayda sadece bir iki kez yaparlar. Suyun tamamen batakl\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmemesi i\u00e7in bir filtre tak\u0131lmas\u0131 tavsiye edilir. Ancak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir model se\u00e7mek ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ak\u0131m yaratmamak iyi olacakt\u0131r. Is\u0131t\u0131c\u0131ya yaln\u0131zca \u00fcremeyi te\u015fvik etmek i\u00e7in ihtiya\u00e7 duyulacakt\u0131r. Di\u011fer t\u00fcm durumlarda, C\u00fcce Kurba\u011falar 20 \u00b0C’den ba\u015flayan s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda kendilerini iyi hissederler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130la\u00e7 preparatlar\u0131 kullan\u0131rken dikkatli olun. Bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu C\u00fcce Kurba\u011falar i\u00e7in tehlikeli olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\nBesleme i\u00e7in en uygun su parametreleri: S\u0131cakl\u0131k=20-30\u00b0\u0421, pH=6,5-7,5, GH=5-20.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Uyumluluk<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nC\u00fcce Kurba\u011falar baz\u0131 bal\u0131k t\u00fcrleriyle ge\u00e7inebilse de, onlar\u0131 t\u00fcr akvaryumlar\u0131nda beslemek iyi olacakt\u0131r. Ortak akvaryum sahiplerinin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ana zorluk, bal\u0131klar\u0131n amfibilerin yemlerinin \u00e7o\u011funu yemesidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\nHymenochiruslar bir\u00e7ok bal\u0131kla sakin bir \u015fekilde ge\u00e7inir<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nBirlikte yerle\u015ftirme arzusu \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcyse, orta b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l bal\u0131klara dikkat y\u00f6neltilebilir: Poecilialar, Tetralar, Rasboralar, Koridorlar, Antsistruslar, b\u00fcy\u00fck Neonlar. Kurba\u011falar\u0131n yan\u0131na agresif bal\u0131klar veya \u00e7ok aktif bal\u0131klar yerle\u015ftirilmemelidir. Hymenochiruslar\u0131n karideslere kar\u015f\u0131 tutumu belirsizdir: ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 birlikte ya\u015fama durumlar\u0131 vard\u0131r, ancak bazen kabuklular\u0131n kurba\u011falar taraf\u0131ndan tamamen yok edildi\u011fi durumlar da vard\u0131r. \u00c7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bal\u0131klar (a\u011fz\u0131na s\u0131\u011fabilen) yiyecek gibi alg\u0131lanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>C\u00fcce Kurba\u011fan\u0131n yemlenmesi<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nC\u00fcce Kurba\u011falar do\u011fada y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck omurgas\u0131zlar\u0131 ve bal\u0131klar\u0131 yerler. Ev ko\u015fullar\u0131nda, kurba\u011falar ve semenderler i\u00e7in \u00f6zel olarak tasarlanm\u0131\u015f y\u00fcksek kaliteli kuru g\u0131da Tetra ReptoFrog Gran\u00fcllerini tercih etmek iyi olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Men\u00fc kan kurdu, salamura karidesi, su piresi ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck karides par\u00e7alar\u0131yla \u00e7e\u015fitlendirilebilir. Kurba\u011falar\u0131n yiyeceklerini \u00e7i\u011fneyemediklerini unutmay\u0131n, bu nedenle par\u00e7a boyutlar\u0131 uygun olanlar\u0131 se\u00e7melidir. T\u00fcm amfibiler gibi C\u00fcce Kurba\u011falar da harekete tepki verir ve hareketsiz yiyeceklere \u00e7ok az ilgi g\u00f6sterirler veya hi\u00e7 ilgi g\u00f6stermezler. Bu nedenle bazen c\u0131mb\u0131z kullanman\u0131z ve evcil hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 neredeyse elden beslemeniz gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>\u00dcreme ve \u00e7o\u011faltma<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nC\u00fcce Kurba\u011falar evde gayet iyi \u00fcrerler. Yakla\u015f\u0131k bir ya\u015f\u0131nda cinsel olgunlu\u011fa ula\u015f\u0131rlar. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, cinsel dimorfizm zay\u0131f bir \u015fekilde belirgindir. Di\u015filerin yanlar\u0131 daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr ve kloak b\u00f6lgesinde karakteristik bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00dcremeye haz\u0131r erkeklerde \u00f6n ayaklar\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131ndaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck beyaz veya pembe bezler ay\u0131rt edilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yumurtlama s\u00fcreci, hem ayr\u0131 bir kapta hem de, e\u011fer i\u00e7inde bal\u0131k yoksa, ana akvaryumda ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilir. \u00c7iftle\u015fme davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik etmek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki teknik kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta su seviyesi 8-10 cm’ye d\u00fc\u015fer ve kurba\u011falar bu durumda yakla\u015f\u0131k iki hafta ya\u015far. Daha sonra normal su seviyesine geri d\u00f6n\u00fcl\u00fcr, ancak su s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 27-28\u00b0C’ye y\u00fckseltilir. Bol ve \u00e7e\u015fitli yemlemenin de olumlu bir etkisi olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yumurtlamaya haz\u0131r olan erkekler, \u015fark\u0131lar\u0131yla, bir\u00e7o\u011fu \u00e7ekirgelerin seslerine benzeyen zay\u0131f, zar zor farkedilebilen c\u0131v\u0131lt\u0131larla di\u015fileri \u00e7ekmeye ba\u015flarlar. Sonra erkek di\u015finin belini tutar ve \u00e7iftle\u015fme dans\u0131 ba\u015flar. \u00c7ift suyun y\u00fczeyine y\u00fczer ve g\u00f6bekleri yukar\u0131 bakacak \u015fekilde d\u00f6ner. Di\u015fi, yumurtalar\u0131 b\u0131rakmaya ba\u015flar, erkek de bunlar\u0131 hemen d\u00f6ller. Di\u015fi bir seferde 5-10 yumurta b\u0131rakabilir. Sonra “a\u015f\u0131klar” normal pozisyonlar\u0131na d\u00f6nerler ve dibe inerler. Bir s\u00fcre sonra d\u00f6ng\u00fc tekrarlan\u0131r. Bir di\u015finin do\u011furganl\u0131\u011f\u0131 500 yumurtaya kadar \u00e7\u0131kabilir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar genellikle ak\u015fam veya gece saatlerinde olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yumurtalar\u0131n boyutu yakla\u015f\u0131k 1-1,5 mm’dir, tah\u0131l tohumlar\u0131na benzerler. S\u00fcre\u00e7 tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, \u00fcreticileri \u00e7\u0131karmak veya yumurtalar\u0131 dikkatlice ayr\u0131 bir kaba aktarmak gereklidir. Do\u011fru ve h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fme i\u00e7in su s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 25\u00b0C olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra yumurtalardan larvalar \u00e7\u0131kar, bunlara camlara, bitkilere ve dekorlara yap\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bu a\u015famada 5 g\u00fcn daha ge\u00e7irirler, ard\u0131ndan iriba\u015flara (3-4 mm uzunlu\u011funda) d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrler ve aktif olarak y\u00fczmeye ba\u015flarlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 yemi siliatt\u0131r, ard\u0131ndan Artemia nauplii ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kan kurtlar\u0131na ge\u00e7ilebilir. Y\u00fcksek kaliteyi korumak i\u00e7in her g\u00fcn suyun % 30-50’sini taze su ile de\u011fi\u015ftirmek gerekir. Metamorfoz 6 haftada sona erer ve minyat\u00fcr, bir bu\u00e7uk santimetrelik bir kurba\u011fa elde ederiz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Akvaryum merakl\u0131lar\u0131 ko\u015fullu olarak 3 gruba ayr\u0131labilir. Birinci grup evcil hayvan olarak genellikle bal\u0131k al\u0131r. \u0130kinci grup canl\u0131 bitkileri tercih eder, bazen bal\u0131klar akvaryumlar\u0131nda bal\u0131kolmaz bile. Son olarak, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc grup, evrimin bal\u0131ktan sonraki a\u015famas\u0131nda yer alan hayvanlar\u0131, yani amfibileri se\u00e7er. Makalemizde sizi en pop\u00fcler amfibilerden biriyle tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131z. Genel bilgiler Hymenochirus C\u00fcce Kurba\u011fa (Hymenochirus boettgeri), Pipidae ailesinden […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15821,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[168],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15820","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-balik"],"yoast_head":"\n
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