<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nOtocinclus (Otocinclus sp.)<\/em> – Lorikarya (Z\u0131rhl\u0131) yay\u0131n bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ailesinden bir tatl\u0131 su bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 cinsidir. Bunlar ailenin en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck temsilcileridir, bal\u0131klar\u0131n ortalama g\u00f6vde uzunlu\u011fu sadece 3 cm’dir. Ancak m\u00fctevaz\u0131 boyutlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, bunlar akvaryumdaki ger\u00e7ek “emek\u00e7iler”dir. Otocincluslar\u0131n beslenmelerinin temeli yosunlard\u0131r, bu nedenle akvaryumu bu istenmeyen misafirlerden temizleme konusunda m\u00fckemmel bir i\u015f \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rlar. Bir grup yay\u0131n bal\u0131\u011f\u0131, s\u0131kl\u0131kla akvaryuma yerle\u015fen diatomlar\u0131 sadece birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde tamamen temizleyebilir. Bal\u0131k, “siyah sakal” yosunu ile m\u00fccadeleye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Fakat en \u00f6nemlisi, Otocincluslar sadece s\u00fcrekli olarak yosun aramakla ve yemekle kalmazlar, ayr\u0131ca, Ekinodorus, Sagitaria, Vesicularia gibi bitkilerin bile narin yapraklar\u0131na zarar vermeden bunu \u00e7ok hassas bir \u015fekilde yaparlar. Bu nedenle, Otocinclus Yay\u0131n Bal\u0131klar\u0131, akvaryumlar\u0131n “do\u011fal” tarzdaki m\u00fcdavimleridir. Caridina multidentata (Amano) karidesi ile birlikte, genellikle dahi su alt\u0131 tasar\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Takashi Amano’nun akvaryumlar\u0131nda bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r. Otocinclus Yay\u0131n Bal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 yerle\u015ftirme normu: 100 litre su i\u00e7in 20 bal\u0131k (akvaryumu kurarken) ve biyolojik denge kurulduktan sonra ayn\u0131 hacim i\u00e7in 2-3 bal\u0131k.<\/p>\n\n\n\nOtocinclus Yay\u0131n Bal\u0131klar\u0131, daha y\u00fcksek bitkilere zarar vermeden yosunlarla sava\u015fmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nCins \u015fu anda 30’dan fazla yay\u0131n bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7ermektedir. T\u00fcrlerdeki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar \u00f6nemsizdir, bu farklar temel olarak boyutlar, kuyruk ve kafadaki renk ve desendeki hafif farkl\u0131l\u0131klard\u0131r. Sat\u0131\u015fta \u00f6ncelikle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki t\u00fcrleri bulmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr: Otocinclus affinis, Otocinclus macrospilus ve Otocinclus vittatus. T\u00fcm Otocincluslar\u0131n yosunlarla m\u00fccadelede kesinlikle ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde etkili oldu\u011funu belirtmek gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Di\u011fer Loricaria Yay\u0131n Bal\u0131klar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi, Otocincluslarda da ba\u011f\u0131rsak solunumu vard\u0131r, atmosferik havay\u0131 suyun y\u00fczeyinden yutarak \u00f6z\u00fcmseyebilirler. Bu uyarlama, sudaki oksijen konsantrasyonunun \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015fmesi durumunda koruyucu bir mekanizmad\u0131r. Yay\u0131n\u0131n periyodik olarak yukar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, onun i\u00e7in normal bir davran\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak, bal\u0131klar bunu \u00e7ok s\u0131k yaparsa, havaland\u0131rma cihaz\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>D\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nOtocincluslar, boyutu 2 ila 5 cm aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yay\u0131nlard\u0131r. G\u00f6vdesi boyuna uzam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, kar\u0131n ve g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs b\u00f6lgesinde yukar\u0131dan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya yass\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcm g\u00f6vdesi, d\u00fc\u015fmanlara kar\u015f\u0131 koruma i\u015flevi g\u00f6ren sa\u011flam kemik plakalarla kapl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A\u011f\u0131z a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, bal\u0131klar\u0131n suyun ak\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalmas\u0131na ve ta\u015flardaki, dekorlardaki ve akvaryumun cam\u0131ndaki yosunlar\u0131 kaz\u0131mas\u0131na imkan sa\u011flayan bir vantuz \u015fekline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\nOtocincluslar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131z mekanizmas\u0131 vantuz \u015fekline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nOtocincluslar\u0131n rengi \u00e7e\u015fitlidir ve t\u00fcrlere ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00f6vdesi \u00e7o\u011funlukla sar\u0131ms\u0131 tonlar\u0131n ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kahverengi lekelerin oldu\u011fu g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f rengindedir. G\u00f6vdesi boyunca geni\u015f bir koyu renkli \u015ferit ge\u00e7ebilir. Kuyruk y\u00fczgecinin taban\u0131nda genellikle yuvarlak bir benek bulunur. \u00d6rne\u011fin, g\u00f6vdesinden koyu ve a\u00e7\u0131k enine \u015feritlerin ge\u00e7mesi karakteristik olan Zebra Otocinclus gibi baz\u0131 t\u00fcrler ilgin\u00e7 bir renge sahiptir. Y\u00fczge\u00e7ler renksizdir, ye\u015filimsi tonlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs ve s\u0131rt y\u00fczge\u00e7lerinde a\u011fa zarar verebilecek dikenler vard\u0131r, bu nedenle bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 yakalarken dikkatli olmak gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\nOtocinclus D\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nCinsel dimorfizm ifade edilmez, di\u015filer erkeklerden biraz daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Akvaryumda ya\u015fam s\u00fcresi yakla\u015f\u0131k 5 y\u0131ld\u0131r.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Ya\u015fam alan\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nOtocinclus Yay\u0131n Bal\u0131klar\u0131 do\u011fada Amazon Nehri havzas\u0131nda (Brezilya, Peru, Bolivya, vb.) yayg\u0131nd\u0131rlar. Bal\u0131klar h\u0131zl\u0131 akan ve y\u00fcksek oksijen i\u00e7eri\u011fine sahip nehirleri tercih ederler. Bu bal\u0131klar\u0131n y\u00fczeylerinden yosunlar\u0131 yedikleri, su bitkilerinin \u00e7al\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ve k\u00fct\u00fcklerin aras\u0131ndaki kumlu s\u0131\u011f sularda b\u00fcy\u00fck yay\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fclerine (1000 bireye kadar) rastlanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Bak\u0131m ve besleme<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nOtocincluslar s\u00fcr\u00fc bal\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r, bu nedenle en az 6 bireyden olu\u015fan gruplar halinde beslenmeleri \u00f6nerilir. Yay\u0131n Bal\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck hacimli akvaryum gerektirmezler, minimum bir s\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in 40 litre yeterli olacakt\u0131r. Toprak olarak ince kum en uygunudur. Akvaryuma do\u011fal odun k\u00fct\u00fcklerinin yerle\u015ftirilmesi gereklidir, bunlar, Otocincluslar\u0131n temel g\u0131das\u0131 olan yosunlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcyece\u011fi yerler olacaklard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7ok say\u0131da su bitkisinin ekilmesi de gereklidir, \u00f6zellikle geni\u015f yaprakl\u0131 t\u00fcrler olan Anubiaslar, Ekinodoruslar uygun olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\nOtocincluslar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu akvaryumlarda canl\u0131 bitkilerin ve odun k\u00fct\u00fcklerinin olmas\u0131 gereklidir<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nOtocinclus Yay\u0131n Bal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n beslenmesindeki en \u00f6nemli husus, y\u00fcksek su kalitesinin korunmas\u0131d\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc habitattaki azotlu bile\u015fiklerin i\u00e7eri\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok duyarl\u0131d\u0131rlar. Bu parametreleri testlerle \u00f6\u011frenmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Amonyak ve nitritler 0’a e\u015fit olmal\u0131 ve nitrat konsantrasyonu ideal olarak 10 mg\/l’yi ge\u00e7memelidir. Bunun i\u00e7in akvaryumu do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde kurmak ve biyolojik dengenin olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 beklemek ve ancak bundan sonra yay\u0131n bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yerle\u015ftirmek gereklidir. Etkili filtreleme de ayn\u0131 derecede \u00f6nemlidir, bir d\u0131\u015f filtrede karar k\u0131lmak iyi olacakt\u0131r. Filtreyi se\u00e7erken, su giri\u015f deliklerinin boyutuna dikkat ediniz. Otocincluslar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yay\u0131n bal\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r ve filtre taraf\u0131ndan kolayl\u0131kla emilebilirler. Akvaryum yay\u0131nlar\u0131, do\u011fada oldu\u011fu gibi, oksijeni a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengin olan suyu tercih ederler. Bu nedenle ek olarak hava motoru tak\u0131lmas\u0131 tavsiye edilir. \u0130yi sindirilebilen kaliteli kuru yemlerle besleme \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bu, bal\u0131klar\u0131n at\u0131k miktar\u0131n\u0131 azaltacakt\u0131r, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla su uzun s\u00fcre temiz kalacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\nY\u00fcksek su kalitesi, Otocincluslar\u0131n rahat ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n garantisidir<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nAyd\u0131nlatma orta ila parlak aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015febilir, \u0131\u015f\u0131k, yay\u0131nlar\u0131 rahats\u0131z etmez. Haftada bir kez akvaryumdaki suyun % 20’sine kadar olan k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi gerekir. “Siyah” tropikal su yaratmak i\u00e7in do\u011fal bir turba \u00f6z\u00fc olan Tetra Torumin eklemek bal\u0131klar\u0131n kendilerini iyi hissetmelerini sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Besleme i\u00e7in en uygun su parametreleri: T= 22-27\u00b0C, pH= 6.0-7.0, GH= 5-19.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>\u00a0Uyumluluk<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nOtocincluslar bar\u0131\u015fseverdir ve bu nedenle benzer b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki, \u00e7o\u011fu sakin s\u00fcs bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcrleriyle m\u00fckemmel bir \u015fekilde ge\u00e7inirler. Yay\u0131nlar kendi t\u00fcrlerinin bireylerine sakin davran\u0131rlar, s\u00fcr\u00fclerde t\u00fcr i\u00e7i \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar g\u00f6r\u00fclmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\nOtocincluslar\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcler halinde beslemek iyi olacakt\u0131r<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nNeonlar, Tetralar, bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l canl\u0131 do\u011furanlar, karidesler iyi kom\u015fular olacaklard\u0131r. Ancak cikletler, \u00f6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck olanlar, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yay\u0131n bal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kolayca yutabildikleri i\u00e7in iyi kom\u015fular olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\nOtocincluslar karideslerle iyi ge\u00e7inirler<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nAyr\u0131ca, Otocincluslar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu akvaryuma di\u011fer yosun yiyicilerin yerle\u015ftirilmesi kesinlikle tavsiye edilmez. B\u00f6yle bir durumda, do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi \u00e7ekingen olan bu yay\u0131n bal\u0131\u011f\u0131, yiyecek m\u00fccadelesini kaybedecek ve a\u00e7 kalacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>Otocincluslar\u0131n yemlenmesi<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nOtocincluslar ger\u00e7ek vejetaryenlerdir. Beslenmelerinin temeli yosun kirlenmeleri ve bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra vantuz \u015feklindeki a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131yla \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00fczeylerden kaz\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 mikroorganizmalard\u0131r. Bal\u0131klar olduk\u00e7a “oburdurlar”, birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde b\u00fcy\u00fck hacimli akvaryumlar\u0131 bile neredeyse tamamen temizleyebilirler. Fakat bu, sonunda, Otocincluslar\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin yayg\u0131n bir nedeni olan a\u00e7l\u0131ktan \u00f6lmelerine yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu nedenle, yay\u0131n bal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n mutlaka yemlenmesi gereklidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bunun i\u00e7in \u00e7o\u011fu zaman \u00e7e\u015fitli sebzeler kullan\u0131l\u0131r: ha\u015flanm\u0131\u015f marul yapraklar\u0131, kabak vb. Ancak, akvaryumda uzun s\u00fcre b\u0131rak\u0131lan bu t\u00fcr yiyeceklerin su kalitesini bozabilece\u011fini de hat\u0131rlatmakta fayda var. Bu nedenle, dip bal\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in yosun i\u00e7eri\u011fi y\u00fcksek kaliteli kuru yemlerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 daha uygundur.<\/p>\n\n\n\nOtocincluslar\u0131, dip bal\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fcretilmi\u015f tabletlerle beslemelidir<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nTetra Pleco Veggie Wafers veya Tetra Pleco Spirulina Wafers tabletleri m\u00fckemmel bir se\u00e7im olacakt\u0131r. Bunlar se\u00e7ilmi\u015f malzemelerden \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. \u0130\u00e7eriklerinde, Otocincluslar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 tam olarak kar\u015f\u0131layacak olan spirulina \/ kabak bulunmaktad\u0131r. Tabletler h\u0131zla dibe iner, bu nedenle yay\u0131n bal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer bal\u0131klar\u0131n m\u00fcdahale etmeyece\u011fi yerlerde hedeflenmi\u015f beslenmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Yemlerin yo\u011fun yap\u0131s\u0131 -yay\u0131n bal\u0131klar\u0131 onlar\u0131 kaz\u0131yana kadar- uzun s\u00fcre \u015feklinin korunmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Otocincluslar a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak gece hayvanlar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle bal\u0131klar\u0131n, ak\u015famlar\u0131 -\u0131\u015f\u0131klar s\u00f6nd\u00fckten sonra- beslenmesi \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/span>\u00dcreme ve \u00e7o\u011faltma<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\nOtocincluslar\u0131n \u00fcremesi genellikle ortak akvaryumlarda kendili\u011finden meydana gelir ve ek \u00e7aba gerektirmez. Di\u015fi, bitkilerin geni\u015f yapraklar\u0131n\u0131n alt taraf\u0131na y\u00fczlerce yap\u0131\u015fkan, hafif sar\u0131ms\u0131 yumurta b\u0131rak\u0131r veya bunlar\u0131 akvaryumun tenha k\u00f6\u015felerine yayar. Yaz aylar\u0131nda bal\u0131klar birka\u00e7 kez yumurtlayabilirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cinsel dimorfizm zay\u0131f bir \u015fekilde ifade edilmektedir. Di\u015filer erkeklerden daha b\u00fcy\u00fck ve daha yuvarlakt\u0131r. Yumurtlama akvaryumunda yeti\u015ftirme planl\u0131yorsa, topraks\u0131z, bir hava filtresi ile donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 30 litrelik bir kap gerekli olacakt\u0131r. Su seviyesi en az 5 cm olmal\u0131d\u0131r ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k 25-27\u00b0’ye y\u00fckseltilmelidir. Yumurtlama i\u00e7in genellikle bir di\u015fi ve \u00fc\u00e7 erkek yerle\u015ftirilir. Yumurtlamadan sonra \u00fcreticiler \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r ve suya antifungal preparat eklenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Su g\u00fcnl\u00fck olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirilir, yumurta ink\u00fcbasyonu 3-6 g\u00fcn s\u00fcrer. Sadece birka\u00e7 hafta sonra yavrular yeti\u015fkinlere benzer hale gelirler.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Akvaristlerin ba\u015fl\u0131ca s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 olan yosunlara kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadelede, biyolojik imha y\u00f6ntemi, yani akvaryumda istenmeyen bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc yemekten mutlu olan bal\u0131k veya omurgas\u0131zlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 olduk\u00e7a iyi bir \u015fekilde yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Belki de bu husustaki en etkili yard\u0131mc\u0131lar, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir grubu, akvaryumu en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede alt bitkilerden temizleyebilen minik yay\u0131nlar-Otocincluslard\u0131r. Genel bilgiler Otocinclus (Otocinclus sp.) – Lorikarya (Z\u0131rhl\u0131) yay\u0131n […]\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":15082,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[168],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5415","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-balik"],"yoast_head":"\n
Otocinclus: bak\u0131m, besleme, \u00fcreme, uyumluluk, yem, foto\u011fraf incelemesi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Otocincluslar- Loricaria (Z\u0131rhl\u0131) yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck temsilcileridir. 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